We propose a general framework for theoretical physics that a stochastic symmetry breaking of the space as an essentially binary field gives rise to energy, time and all elementary particles. In our model, the Planck constant as not only a measure of the quantum mechanical uncertainty or randomness but also a reflection of the degree of spatial asymmetry in the universe, is inversely proportional to the Hubble volume, in a manner that the fine structure constant remains unchanged. It drives a coordinated evolution of the Planck units and the mass of elementary particles and the elementary charge. We quantitatively demonstrate that the observations of type-Ia supernovae and the cosmic microwave background and the mysterious hierarchy gaps in fundamental physics collectively point to a consistent story that the Hubble radius has expanded by a factor of 3.25×10^24 since the very beginning of the universe. Our newly proposed model demystifies the dark energy as a mere illusion, and resolves the Hubble tension. Moreover, it paved the way toward a unified understanding of all the four fundamental interactions as four natural branches rooted out of a single phenomenon, namely, the stochastic symmetry breaking of a binary field. As a falsifiable prediction by our model, the electron mass and the elementary charge shall be inversely proportional to the 7/3 and 3/2 power of the cosmic scale factor, yielding a detectable difference in experiments with an annual time span.