This paper is a revised and extended version of the paper previously posted at https://vixra.org/abs/2511.0061 under the title "Virtual Carrier Particle Quantumnization and Unified Phenomena: From Quantum to Cosmic." This paper proposes a unified theoretical framework, referred to as the Quanta Exchange Theory (QET), intended to describe natural interactions in a consistent manner from the quantum scale to the cosmic scale. Within this framework, fundamental interactions are not treated as independent forces but are instead interpreted as arising from the mutual emission and absorption of virtual carrier particles (VCPs) exchanged between physical systems. These exchange processes are taken to represent a common mechanism for the transfer of energy and momentum. The theory introduces an Isolation Principle of Quanta, which characterizes interaction processes in terms of discrete exchange events and constrains the propagation behavior of virtual carriers. The effective velocity and exchange frequency of these carriers are modeled as functions of system acceleration and coupling parameters. In this way, interaction strength is related to both kinematic and interaction properties within a unified description. As an illustrative application, observational data from the LIGO/Virgo neutron star merger event GW170817 are used to estimate parameters associated with gravitational interaction within the proposed framework. The inferred propagation speed of the corresponding gravitational carrier particles is found to be of the order of the speed of light, within the uncertainties of the observational data and the assumptions of the model. This example demonstrates how astrophysical observations may be employed to constrain or test elements of the QET formulation. The paper further develops a potential decomposition method, in which the total interaction potential is expressed as a sum of an action potential and a perturbation potential. Based on this decomposition, unified expressions for kinetic energy and total energy of interacting systems are constructed. This formalism allows for the calculation of binding energies in atomic-scale systems. The resulting expressions are shown to reproduce, and in appropriate limits extend, results consistent with those obtained from the Bohr model, Dirac theory, and available experimental data. Although different interactions may involve carrier particles with distinct properties, the underlying mechanism of energy exchange through virtual carriers is treated as common to all cases within the QET framework. Consequently, the theory emphasizes shared exchange processes rather than separate force categories, providing a unified perspective on interaction phenomena. This approach offers a possible conceptual bridge between classical and quantum descriptions of physical interactions and establishes a basis for further theoretical refinement and empirical examination.