This research examines space-based data centers through first principles analysis, de-constructing fundamental physics constraints and reconstructing complete market ecosystemimplications across direct and indirect sectors. Analysis reveals orbital data centers couldachieve 60-70% cost advantages over terrestrial facilities by 2035 if launch costs decline below$100/kg, but face immutable thermal management constraints from Stefan-Boltzmann radia-tion law that limit power density to 10-20 kW per rack versus terrestrial facilities’ 30-100+kW. The market is projected to reach $39 billion by 2035 at 67% CAGR, with first com-mercial operations launching in 2025. Fundamental physics analysis demonstrates space datacenters solve satellite data processing problems rather than general computing problems, withoptimal applications in Earth observation processing, AI training requiring unlimited cleanpower, and national security applications valuing physical isolation. The study maps complete1infrastructure ecosystem requirements including launch systems, thermal management, radia-tion hardening, communications networks, and servicing capabilities, while analyzing marketimpacts across 15+ sectors from aerospace to insurance. Critical success factors include Star-ship achieving target economics by 2028-2030, technology maturation to TRL 8-9, regulatoryclarity on data sovereignty, and anchor customer commitments enabling commercial viability.