Physics of Biology

    

Reverse Osmosis Effect in Narrow Tubes Concentrates Urine in the Kidney

Authors: Johan Nygren

The kidney concentrates urine by a form of reverse osmosis and not by forward osmosis as traditionally believed. This form of reverse osmosis can operate at low pressures such as those within the kidney filtration system. Recent advances in the understanding of osmosis have made it possible to discover this new type of reverse osmosis, that is inherent to narrow tubes at the micrometer scale.

Comments: 16 Pages.

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[v1] 2025-06-27 15:29:43

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