Authors: Adriaan van der Walt
The aim of this document is to facilitate and motivate the reading of the document Leibnizian Mathematics by investigating a compelling reason for introducing Leibnizian Mathematics. This document also motivates the extension of the Dedekind Cut to the Full Dedekind Cut and analyses some consequences. First the relevant abstractions about Space shared by all are stated, which are then followed by stating the relevant basic assumptions of Abstract Mathematics. A tool is then developed that enables the identification and analysis of the consequences of these assumptions. This exposes the root motivations for, and the fundamental properties of, the tenets of Abstract Mathematics. The most consequential of these, in the present context, is the result that the total length of countable many points is zero. More than countable many points are therefore required to form a line of non-zero length. Also, that countable many points can be added to or removed from a line without changing the length of the line (this consequence is contrary to the current paradigm of Mathematics). The latter necessitated the introduction of the Full Dedekind Cut to preserve the real line and hence Euclidean Topology and Lebesgue theory.The concepts of infinitesimal and infinitesimal number are introduced, followed by a Riemann sum that results in a contradiction in Euclidean Mathematics by showing that there exists an example where countable many points form a line of length one.Possible causes for this contradiction are discussed and it is concluded that the Riemann integral does not fit naturally into Abstract Mathematics, but that a second continuous model for space that leads to a different model for Mathematics, called Leibnizian Mathematics, must be developed to augment Abstract Mathematics. This model resolves the contradiction, accommodates the Riemann integral in a natural way and expands the paradigm of Mathematics.A short list is appended describing the difference in meaning that some words have and the difference in the properties that they describe when used in different models.
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