The immunological synapse (IS) is a highly dynamic and organized interface between Tcells and antigen-presenting cells, facilitating critical immune responses. From a biophysicalstandpoint, the IS integrates molecular diffusion, receptor-ligand binding kinetics, cytoskeletal forces, and mechanical tension to achieve precise signal transduction. This article explores the biophysical principles underlying IS formation and function, including the binding kinetics of T cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC), actin cytoskeletal dynamics, and force-dependent receptor clustering. Mathematical models such as diffusion-reaction equations and force-dependent dissociation rates are presented to describe the spatial and temporal organization of the IS. Additionally, experimental approaches such as TIRF microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and computational modeling are discussed, shedding light on the IS as a mechanochemical signaling platform. Understanding the biophysics of the IS provides insights into immune regulation and offers potential applications in immunotherapy.