I introduce the discovery of ultimate reality of an invisible fundamental realm I refer to as the Present Space Universe. The discovery of the Present Space Universe (PSU) has unprecedented transformational consequences for fundamental physical sciences and humanity. The PSU is the realm of a universal present. The mysterious nature of the present time is the phenomenon of its existence. The new understanding of Present Space Reality (PSR) provides unprecedented scientific insight into hidden structure, mechanisms, and the stunning nature of ultimate reality from one principle. The fundamental principle works as a logical lens through which answers for an abundance of our most fundamental questions in science suddenly emerge. It provides stunningly direct insights into who we are and what our existence in our apparent physical universe is about. The fundamental principle is shown as the direct logical consequence of the two fundamentally distinct ways in which our physical universe presents itself to us. They are propagation of physical effects under the cosmic speed limit and simultaneous effects in quantum phenomena. I demonstrate how PSR leads to solutions for an abundance of our most fundamental questions of quantum physics, cosmology, thermodynamics, biology, consciousness and beyond. As the PSU is ultimate reality, our apparent physical universe is not. It is an effective but ultimately virtual projection. PSR identifies the fundamental nature of consciousness in its specific physical context. Our fundamental conscious existence is part of the ultimate reality of the PSU. Continuation of consciousness beyond our physical lifetimes is a natural logical consequence. PSR identifies a mechanism in Present Space Causality (PSC) for the generation of laws of physics and the origin of our apparent physical universe. The presence of a higher order entity of consciousness is identified. PSR identifies an operational mechanism for select differentiation of undifferentiated states in the simultaneously evolving PSC. The quantum measurement problem is resolved. Characteristics of quantum behavior finally make and reveal sense. Their functional relationship with classical behavior is determined. Mechanisms of differentiation and undifferentiation project phenomena we associate with randomness and entropy in thermodynamics. PSR suggests a black hole shell model that removes paradoxes arising in central singularity models. It points to real-world relevance of AdS/CFT correspondence. The universal pathway for answers for seemingly unrelated ultimate questions is extraordinary evidence for a crucially missing keystone in prior scientific understanding. Profoundly meaningful insights for all of humanity extend to questions of purpose.