Quantum Gravity and String Theory

   

Loop Quantum Gravity: Kinematic Sector and Its Applications

Authors: Deden M. Akbar

As one of the requirements for research in doctoral studies regarding Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG), the author reviews several books and scientific journals related to the research topic in this article. In this article, the canonical LQG formulation is reviewed in detail for the kinematic sector ([2] — [12]), starting from a brief review of LQG, followed by the formulation of General Relativity in the ADM formulation and the problems that arise when the gravitational field is quantified in this formulation. Then it continues with a review of Palatini's formulation, up to the tetrad formulation in Ashtekar's new variables. The formulation of the action of General Relativity based on Ashtekar variables is a way to quantify the gravitational field based on the Dirac quantization program. The result is a canonical LQG formulation for the kinematic sector which is proven to be well defined. The prediction obtained from LQG is that space on the Planck scale is no longer smooth and continuous but discrete and chaotic, which is characterized by the eigenvalues geometric operators, namely area operators and volume operators which have discrete values the Planck scale. The final discussion in this article is the LQG-based Black Hole Entropy calculation which corresponds exactly to the Black Hole Entropy calculation based on the semiclassical approach ([4] — [5], [7]). In addition, the application of the LQG calculation technique at the toy model level known as Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) ([14] — [16]) for the Friedman-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology model is also reviewed. The result is a modification of the Friedmann equation for the FRW model with the presence of a correction term for the quantum nature of the quantum gravitational field, where it is predicted that the beginning of the universe in the form of a Big-Bang was replaced by a Big Bounce originating from the collapse of the previous universe ([9], [14], [39] - [41]).

Comments: 153 Pages.

Download: PDF

Submission history

[v1] 2024-03-31 03:26:25
[v2] 2024-04-08 03:44:26

Unique-IP document downloads: 316 times

Vixra.org is a pre-print repository rather than a journal. Articles hosted may not yet have been verified by peer-review and should be treated as preliminary. In particular, anything that appears to include financial or legal advice or proposed medical treatments should be treated with due caution. Vixra.org will not be responsible for any consequences of actions that result from any form of use of any documents on this website.

Add your own feedback and questions here:
You are equally welcome to be positive or negative about any paper but please be polite. If you are being critical you must mention at least one specific error, otherwise your comment will be deleted as unhelpful.

comments powered by Disqus