Authors: Vijay Shankar A, Jyotirmayee Satapathy, Sitaram V, Rakhesh Vamadevan
Photon wave functions collapse into particles only after one discerns their path, as was observed in certain experiments. However, scientists like Wheeler, and Scully contemplated that this causality and the uncertainty principle could be violated through quantum erasure. Complementarity and availability of path information are sufficient to explain quantum mechanics. Scientists widely debate this claim; in the process, they often try to reinterpret the tenets of quantum mechanics. Qureshi employs microscopic-macroscopic entanglement to save causality. Qureshi also posits that the experimenter's active choice of Hilbert space basis determines wave or particle nature. Qureshi insists that when the experimenter measures the photon in the x-basis, it entangles with his novel qubit which-way detector and the two detectors that constitute the screen and show interference. If the basis choice is z, then the interference is destroyed. In this paper, we peruse the shortcomings of Qureshi's analysis.The distinction between evolution and measurement is not acknowledged. The entanglement of a photon with experimental apparatus smears quantum-classical distinction. Qureshi forgets that the screen in quantum experiments can be a single entity. The quantum qubit which-way detector he contemplates will likely function classically. In assigning measurement basis to the photon, Qureshi forgets that the phase change due to path difference in the experimental setup does not influence quantum measurement. Thus, it does not contribute to a distinct quantum state. Scientists have studied wave-particle duality using entangled photons: entanglement alone cannot destroy the interference. The photon can choose its wave-particle option randomly; the experimenter's role is thus inactive. Wave nature formulation is not derived from Hilbert space basis, and the mathematical formulation in quantum mechanics is meant to predict probabilities in the particle nature; it does not say anything about the photon's physical realization. We observe that Complementarity ensures that causality violations are possible.
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