Mathematical Physics

    

Knot in Geometrical Optics

Authors: Miftachul Hadi

We treat the geometrical optics as an Abelian $U(1)$ local gauge theory the same as the Abelian $U(1)$ Maxwell's gauge theory. We propose there exists a knot in a 3-dimensional Euclidean (flat) space of the geometrical optics (the eikonal equation) as a consequence there exists a knot in the Maxwell's theory in a vacuum. We formulate the Chern-Simons integral using an eikonal. We obtain the relation between the knot (the geometric optical helicity, an integer number) and the refractive index.

Comments: 3 Pages. In English

Download: PDF

Submission history

[v1] 2022-07-15 02:24:41
[v2] 2022-09-25 11:03:33
[v3] 2022-12-08 02:09:23

Unique-IP document downloads: 389 times

Vixra.org is a pre-print repository rather than a journal. Articles hosted may not yet have been verified by peer-review and should be treated as preliminary. In particular, anything that appears to include financial or legal advice or proposed medical treatments should be treated with due caution. Vixra.org will not be responsible for any consequences of actions that result from any form of use of any documents on this website.

Add your own feedback and questions here:
You are equally welcome to be positive or negative about any paper but please be polite. If you are being critical you must mention at least one specific error, otherwise your comment will be deleted as unhelpful.

comments powered by Disqus