Relativity and Cosmology

   

General Observational Relativity: Why Is the Spacetime Curved in Einstein’s General Relativity?

Authors: Xiaogang Ruan

The theory of observational relativity (OR for short), based on the logical prerequisites different from that of Einstein’s special relativity, has derived the general Lorentz transformation that generalizes and unifies the Lorentz transformation and the Galileo transformation, which endows Bohr’s correspondence principle with more universal significance. On the basis of the theory of OR and Bohr’s correspondence principle, this article proposes the general correspondence principle (GCP for short). Having the aid of the GCP, the general observational relativity (GOR for short) has been established, which is isomorphic with Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The theory of GOR provides us with a new insight into Einstein’s general relativity: objectively real spacetime is not curved; the so-called “spacetime bending” is not an objective physical reality, but an observational effect resulting from observational locality. In the theory of GOR, Newton’s theory of universal gravitation and Einstein’s theory of general relativity are both “partial theories” that Hawking termed in his book “A Brief History of Time”, and belong to different observation systems. The Newton’s theory is the product of the idealized observation system; the Einstein’s theory of is the product of the optical observation system. The speed of light is limited, and therefore the optical observation system has observational locality, which is why Einstein’s gravitational spacetime looks somewhat curved; the idealized observation system has no observational locality, and therefore Newton’s gravitational spacetime represents the objective and real gravitational spacetime. The theory of GOR has generalized and unified the two great theoretical systems, Newton’s theory of universal gravitation and Einstein’s theory of general relativity. In the case of optical observation system, GOR field equation is strictly reduced to Einstein’s field equation; in the case of idealized observation system, GOR field equation is strictly reduced to Newton’s law of universal gravitation in the form of Poisson’s equation. Such strict corresponding relations show that the theory of GOR is logically consistent with both Einstein’s theory of general relativity and Newton’s theory of universal gravitation. Meanwhile, such strict corresponding relations corroborate the logical self-consistency and theoretical validity of GOR. The theory of GOR signifies that human beings and the physics they create have to reexamine Newton’s theory of universal gravitation and Einstein’s theory of general relativity, to reexamine Einstein’s scientific predictions based on his general relativity, and to reshape human view of nature.

Comments: 193 Pages. In CHinese, 14 pictures, and 7 tables

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[v1] 2022-04-12 21:16:15

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