This paper tries to put aside all the religious clothing and various folk myths and legends, only from the angle of modern science to interpret the cosmology expounded by the Sutras more than 2500 years ago. First, we assume that the Buddha of more than 2,500 years ago had only the astronomical and geographic knowledge of ordinary people of his time and place, such as the flat-earth theory that we live on a huge flat surface. Secondly, we make a strict logical deduction according to this hypothesis and the description of Buddhist sutras, in order to test whether the description of Buddhist sutras meets this hypothesis. However, in the rigorous reasoning described by the Buddhist scriptures, we gradually overturn this assumption. Finally, thanks to modern science, we are surprised to find that the Buddha’s knowledge of the structure of the earth is beyond our imagination, and there is an incredible era transcendence. Key words: Era transcendence