An analysis of the action of elementary charges on the vacuum leads to a resolution of divergence issues in QFT without mass and charge renormalization. For an irreducible self-interaction amplitude Ω, infinite field actions split the vacuum into positive and negative self-energy components such that its net mass-energy remains zero for free particles. For each particle mass in a loop, two dressed mass states including vacuum energy, are constructed for fermion and boson self-energy processes. For electroweak interactions, the stabilized amplitude Ωˆ = Ω - Ω¯ includes a correction for a vacuum energy deficit within a point-like, near-field region, where Ω¯ is given by an average of Ω over dressed mass levels. For QCD, strong interactions redistribute vacuum energy so that there is an energy surplus in the near-field with a corresponding deficit in the confinement region resulting in a sign reversal of Ωˆ relative to QED and asymptotic freedom. Stabilized amplitudes agree with renormalization for radiative corrections in Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories. Renormalization is only required in standard QFT because it neglects near-field vacuum energy changes in violation of energy conservation.