Geophysics

   

The Permian-Triassic Impact Event Caused Secondary-Craters and Impact Structures in India, South-America and Australia

Authors: Harry K. Hahn

First I give an overview of the Permian Triassic (PT) Impact Event on the first pages, before I describe the Secondary-Craters and Impact-Structures of the PT-Impact in India, South-America & Australia, starting at page 14. The impactor which caused the 1270x950 km elliptical PT-Impact Crater, an asteroid or comet in the diameter range of probably 60 to 200 km, collided with our planet at a very shallow angle. Because of this shallow impact angle of less than 8° and the estimated low impact velocity of around 8 km/s, large amounts of material was excavated from Earth’s crust during the impact. This excavated crust material, together with large fragments of the impactor, is the ejecta material that caused many large secondary craters & impact structures on Earth. This ejecta material had a velocity of less than 8 km/s at impact. The possible large secondary-impact-craters and -structures which I found in India, South-America and Australia were caused by impacting ejecta material that was produced during the PT-Impact Event. A large fragment of the PT-Impactor, or of the ejected material, caused the 450x380 km Bengal Bay Crater (BBC) near the east-coast of India. The gravity anomaly map of India indicates the remaining NW-section of the crater-wall of this Crater, as well as a linear ejecta ray structure which formed the SE-coast of India. There are also other secondary impact structures of the PT-Impact Event visible on satellite maps of India. For example the 30km drop-shaped impact structure that produced the Iron-Ore-Deposits in Sandur. The 400x350 km Port-Headland Crater near the NW-coast of Western Australia, clearly visible on the gravity anomaly map, may be identical to the Bengal Bay Crater in India and it may represent mainly the original SE-section of the BBC. This crater produced ejecta rays, rich in platinum-group elements and gold, which impacted on the Yilgarn Craton. Two more large Craters with Ø>300km were found off the south-coast of West-Australia. And many secondary impact structures were found along the NE-coast of Australia which in all probability were caused by the Cape York crater-chain. An exceptional large 840x630 km elliptical Crater, probably caused by the PT-Event, was found in South-America. This Crater formed the Pantanal-Plain and it probably is responsible for the later Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) around the Triassic/Jurassic boundary.

Comments: 42 pages, 212 figures, 6 diagrams and tables, corrected page 3 and 35

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Submission history

[v1] 2021-01-14 18:17:19
[v2] 2021-11-12 11:56:47

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