Authors: Christopher Pilot
We are assuming a Winterberg model for space where the vacuum consists of a very stiff two component superfluid made up of positive and negative mass planckions. This vast assembly (sea), of positive and negative mass particles, creates an ether-like medium, the vacuum, which is macroscopically massless, has zero net gravitational pressure, and zero net entropy, in the undisturbed state. Q theory is the hypothesis, presented here for the first time, that Planck charge, q_Pl , was created at the same time as Planck mass. Moreover, the repulsive force that like-mass planckions experience is, in reality, due to the electrostatic force of repulsion between like charges. These forces also give rise to what appears to be a gravitational force of attraction between two like planckions, but this is an illusion. In reality, gravity is electrostatic in origin if our model is correct. We determine the spring constant associated with planckion masses, and find that, κ=4 ζ(3)ħc n_+ (0) , where ζ(3) equals Apery's constant, 1.202…, and, n_+ (0)=n_- (0) , is the relaxed, i.e., g ⃗=0 , number density of the positive and negative mass planckions. In the present epoch, we estimate that, n_+ (0) equals, 7.848 E54 m^(-3), and the relaxed distance of separation between nearest neighbor positive, or negative, planckion pairs is, l_+ (0)=l_- (0)=5.032 E-19 meters. These values were determined using box quantization for the positive and negative mass planckions, and considering transitions between energy states, much like as in the hydrogen atom. For the cosmos as a whole, given a net smeared macroscopic gravitational field of, (g_0 ) ̅=2.387 E-9, due to all the ordinary, and bound, matter contained within the observable universe (the Hubble radius), an average displacement from equilibrium for the planckion masses is a mere 7.566 E-48 meters, within the vacuum made up of these particles. On the surface of the earth, where, g=9.81 m/s^2, the displacement amounts to, 7.824 E-38 meters. All of these displacements are due to increased gravitational pressure within the vacuum, which in turn are caused by applied gravitational fields. The gravitational potential is also derived and directly related to gravitational pressure.
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[v1] 2020-08-09 13:33:37
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