Belief that the Sagnac test of 1913 only applied to rotational motion was discounted when Ruyong Wang found the same results for linear motion in 2004. The Sagnac result has never been credibly explained, despite its wide application in modern technology. In turn the Wang paper has been virtually ignored in the last ten years, but remedied by this paper, which establishes the test as a critical signal of striking new concepts. Kinematic and dynamic motions are carefully distinguished here and the neglected topic of covariance is reviewed and applied to the Galilean dynamical law of velocity addition. Analysis of Wang’s result in the conveyor and lab frames with the premise of aether drag logically leads to identification of preferred motion in an absolute frame of reference … the earth-bound laboratory frame! That light speed in the lab frame will be the same as for the conveyor is a testable prediction of this paper….. the same as the Doufour-Prunier test. Discovery of the absolute lab reference frame and a flexible aether – the ALFA model – refutes relativity and its alleged consequences, such as: both postulates of special relativity – general covariance in general relativity - Lorentz transformations - Minkowski space – length contraction - time dilation…. All disproven by ALFA via the Wang and Sagnac tests.