The first law of thermodynamics is straightforward. It states that energy can be converted from one form into another but not created or destroyed. The author’s work on the subject indicates that net energy is zero [13][14] but separated into two different types of energy that balance one another. The second law is not as straightforward. A quantity called entropy describes the probability of energy states for systems with many particles. The second law states that more probable energy states become filled over time and energy differences that can be used to carry out work become less available. The source of a high original state that can continually “run down” has been difficult to identify. There is a strange situation in fundamental physics regarding time. Well respected physicists [Julian Barbour for example] point out that all quantum mechanical equations are cyclical with time. Common sense tells us that time advances and tension exists between fundamentals and what we observe. This situation extends to fundamentals of space as well as fundamentals of time. Special relativity and curvature of space time is known to be the source of gravity at the large scale. The author developed a relationship between large scale and the quantum scale but it is not generally known [8]. Further, the concept that velocity is relative seems to be accepted but velocity is related to kinetic energy that is conserved. The author uses a cellular model that describes gravity, space, time, expansion, kinetic and potential energy at the quantum level [7][17]. Using cosmology as a platform, the present paper explores time and the thermodynamic laws. It concludes that elapsed time enters physics through cosmology. If we believe that the universe expands we must also believe that time advances. Further, the gravitational coupling constant converts quantum behavior to large scale behavior. Pressure expands the universe but gravitational accumulation [18] begins at a condition called decoupling. The expanded state creates many available thermodynamic states as particles fall related to gravitational accumulation. This explains how everything can “run down” as time progresses. Cellular cosmology (Appendix 2) allows us to track the behavior of cell kinetic and potential energy as particles fall due to gravitational accumulation. Study of a model galaxy with the same mass and position of the sun allows us to determine where energy resides as it is re-converted to kinetic energy by falling from an expansion determined geodesic.