Elementary particles can be represented as localized concentrations of energy, which act as Higgs energy spheres S. The sphere radius specifies its energy, and hence its coupling to the scalar Higgs field. Massless photon energy spheres are defined by the Planck equation E = hν. Massive particle energy spheres are defined by the fine structure electrostatic energy equation and the fine structure inertial mass equation, which are derived from the fine structure constant α~1/137. Higgs particle generation occurs in two steps: (1) an electrostatic-energy sphere is created; (2) it adiabatically expands radially by a factor of 137 and transforms into a Compton-sized inertial-mass sphere, which represents a Higgs unit energy quantum. Four Higgs energy channels (electron, boson, fermion and gauge boson) accurately reproduce lepton, constituent-quark, hadron, and average-gauge-boson masses.