Authors: Milen V. Velev
This article discusses the motion of particles in multiple time dimensions and in multiple space dimensions. Transformations are presented for the transfer from one inertial frame of reference to another inertial frame of reference for the case of multidimensional time. The implications are indicated of the existence of a large number of time dimensions on physical laws like the Lorentz covariance, CPT symmetry, the principle of invariance of the speed of light, the law of addition of velocities, the energy-momentum conservation law, etc. The Doppler effect is obtained for the case of multidimensional time. Relations are derived between energy, mass, and momentum of a particle and the number of time dimensions in which the particle is moving. The energy-momentum conservation law is formulated for the case of multidimensional time. It is proven that if certain conditions are met, then particles moving in multidimensional time are as stable as particles moving in one-dimensional time. This result differs from the view generally accepted until now [J. Dorling, Am. J. Phys. 38, 539 (1970)]. It is proven that luxons may have nonzero rest mass, but only provided that they move in multidimensional time. The causal structure of space-time is examined. It is shown that in multidimensional time, under certain circumstances, a particle can move in the causal region faster than the speed of light in vacuum. In the case of multidimensional time, the application of the proper orthochronous transformations at certain conditions leads to movement backwards in the time dimensions. It is concluded that the number of different antiparticles in the k-dimensional time is equal to 3^k - 2^k. Differences between tachyons and particles moving in multidimensional time are indicated. It is shown that particles moving faster than the speed of light in vacuum can have a real rest mass (unlike tachyons), provided that they move in multidimensional time.
Comments: 36 pages, 6 figures. This article appeared in Physics Essays, Vol. 25, No. 3 (2012) 403-438.
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